The European travellers von Poser and ThР вЂњР’В©venot found both names in use in the 17th century. The city was originally called Baghnagar 'city of gardens', and later acquired the name Hyderabad. The name Hyderabad means 'Haydar's city' or 'lion city', from haydar 'lion' and Р вЂќР С“bР вЂќР С“d 'city', after Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, also known as Haydar because of his lion-like valour in battle. Main article: History of Hyderabad Toponymy The formation of special economic zones and HITEC City dedicated to information technology has encouraged leading multinationals to set up operations in Hyderabad. Since the 1990s, the city has emerged as an Indian hub of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. Hyderabad's central location between the Deccan Plateau and the Western Ghats, and industrialisation throughout the 20th century attracted major Indian research, manufacturing, educational and financial institutions. Many of the city's historical and traditional bazaars remain open. Until the 19th century Hyderabad was known for the pearl industry and was nicknamed the 'City of Pearls', and was the only Golconda Diamonds trading centre in the world. The Telugu film industry based in the city was the country's second-largest producer of motion pictures as of 2012. Through its cuisine, the city is listed as a UNESCO creative city of gastronomy.

Painting, handicraft, jewellery, literature, dialect and clothing are prominent still today. A distinctive culture arose from the amalgamation of local and migrated artisans. By the end of early modern era, the Mughal Empire declined in the Deccan and the Nizam's patronage had attracted men of letters from various parts of the world. Relics of the Qutb Shahi and Nizam rules remain visible today the Charminar has come to symbolise the city.

Since 1956, the city has housed the winter office of the President of India. In 2014, Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated to form Telangana and Hyderabad became the joint capital of the two states with a transitional arrangement scheduled to end in 2024. After the introduction of the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, Hyderabad was made the capital of the newly formed Andhra Pradesh. Hyderabad was annexed by the Indian Union in 1948 and continued as a capital of Hyderabad State (1948Р Р†Р вЂљРІР‚Сљ56). As capital of the princely state of Hyderabad, the city housed the British Residency and cantonment until Indian independence in 1947. Hyderabad served as the imperial capital of the Asaf Jahis from 1769 to 1948. In 1724, Mughal Viceroy Nizam Asaf Jah I declared his sovereignty and founded the Asaf Jahi dynasty, also known as the Nizams. In 1687, the city was annexed by the Mughals. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah established Hyderabad in 1591 to extend the capital beyond the fortified Golconda. With an output of US$74Р вЂ™Р’В billion, Hyderabad has the fifth-largest urban economy in India. According to the 2011 Census of India, Hyderabad is the fourth-most populous city in India with a population of 6.9 million residents within the city limits, and has a population of 9.7 million residents in the metropolitan region, making it the sixth-most populous metropolitan area in India. With an average altitude of 542Р вЂ™Р’В m (1,778Р вЂ™Р’В ft), much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes, including the Hussain Sagar lake, predating the city's founding, in the north of the city centre. It occupies 650Р вЂ™Р’В km 2 (250Р вЂ™Р’В sqР вЂ™Р’В mi) on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of South India. Hyderabad ( / Р вЂєРІвЂљВ¬ h aР в„ўР вЂћ d Р в„ўРІвЂћСћr Р в„ўРІвЂћСћ b Р вЂњР’В¦ d/ ( listen) HY-dР в„ўРІвЂћСћr-Р в„ўРІвЂћСћ-bad Telugu:, Urdu: ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the de jure capital of Andhra Pradesh.

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